Francis burrows



F. BURROWS.

LAMP.

No. 61,152.vr Patented Jan..15, 1867.

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FRANCIS BURROWSy 0F PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

Letters Patent No. 61,152, dated January 15, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT LM LAMPS.

TO ALL WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN:

Beit known that I, FRANCIS BURROWS, of the city and county of Peoria7 in the State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exam; description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which makes a part of this specification, and represents a central section of a lamp embodying my invention.v

This invention relates to-a lamp which is to be chieiiy employed in the laboratory as a heating medium, and in which highly combustible uid is burned. The lamp may, however, be employed for illuminating purposes when desired. The invention consists in three novel expediente, which, as employed in mutual connection, serve to effectually preventl the heat from the ilame being communicated to the iiuid within the reservoir, and thereby obviate danger of explosion.

In order that othersskilled in the art to which my invention appertains may be enabled to fully understand and use the same, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, A may represent a reservoir having a central aperture at top, over which is fitted a socket, A', for the reception of the cap B, the latter being threaded in conformity with the socket A', in order that it may be inserted and removed with facility. The cap B has formed upon it, at top, a iiange, I, which has its seat upon the socket A', and serves to form a perfectly tight joint betweensaid cap and socket. The cap B is attached to a plate, C, by arms b1, Ywhich retain and support the cap out of contact with said plate C, so that if the latter should receive heat from the ame it will not be transmitted to the cap by contact there with. This plate, C, constitutes the lower wall of a chamber, C, the upper wall being formed by a plate, C2, and the two plates being connected to a cylindrical casing, C3, which iits over the reservoir A, and is of such dimensions that between it and the reservoir will be a space, a, for the purpose to be explained. The chamber Cl is adapted to contain a quantity of water vto prevent the heat fromy the ame being communicated to the top of the reservoirA to such an extent as might produce the explosion of the lamp. The water within the chamber Cl will, under ordinary circumstances, serve to prevent the plate C from becoming heated, but the space which exists between the top of the reservoir and the plate C renders impossible the transmission of any dangerous y volumeof heat. As the wick-tube must communicatefrom the reservoir to the exteriorof the plate C2, where the flame burns, it is manifest that if said tube were formed in the ordinary manner, that is to say, in one con tinuous piece, it would conduct the heat from the iame, in a greater or less degree, to the combustible iluid within the reservoir, and in this manner explosions have hitherto been frequently occasioned. To render it impossible for the fluid 'to thus become ignited, I form the wick-tube in two parts, D D1, which are disconnected or separated from each other, as shown, the section l)1 of the wick terminating at its upper end at the top of the cap B, and the section D terminating at its lower end at a point below the under side of the plate G2. Hence while the upper sectionfD, may become heated by the direct action of' the iiame, the lower section retains its normal temperature. Although I propose to employ water in the manner described as a safeguard against explosion, it is apparent that the peculiar manner of insulating the reservoir from the iiame, by the interposition of the plates C C2, chamber or space C1, and the space between the top of reservoir and plate C, would be suilicient to eect the object in view, provided a free circulation of air be maintained within the chamber C1 and space between the reservoir A and plate C. Free circulation within the chamber Cl may be obtained by removing the screw-cap E, so as to expose or open the aperture through which water is supplied to the chamber C1; or, if preferred, two or more apertures may be made in the platez, when wat-er is to.

be dispensed with. Adequate circulation between the reservoir A and plate C is admitted of by the space a, into which air may pass at the bottom or under side of the lamp. Explosions often occur in consequence. of there being no communication between the interior of the reservoir and the external air, for the reason that when a portion or" t c iluid has been consumed and a vacuum thus formed within the reservoir, there is a tendency'or effort on the part of the air to gain an entrance through the wick-tube, and this current` in passing downward from the iame is very liable to cause the combustion of the fluid within the reservoir. Iobviate this danger of accidental explosion by providing the cap B with an aperture, b2, which constitutes an effectual ventilating medium for the reservoir, said aperture receiving a' constant supply of air from the space between the reservoir A and plate C, which space communicates with the space a.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim' as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent v 1. I claim the chamber Gl formed in the manner herein described and adapted for the reception of water, to prevent the heating of the reservoir, as and for the'purpose explained.,

2. I claim the combination and arrangement of the reservoir A, two-part Wick-tube D1, and casing C C2 C,

with their several adjuncts applied and operating in the manner and for the purpose explained.

The above specification of my improvement in lamps signed this eleventh day of July, 1864.

, FRANCIS BURROV S. Witnesses: y C. D. SMITH, T. SCHEITLIN. 

